The common point is that both can emit fluorescence.
The difference is that optical brightener absorbs invisible ultraviolet light and emits visible fluorescence with shorter wavelengths; while fluorescent dyes absorb visible light and emits visible fluorescence with longer wavelengths.
| In Common | Absorb | Emit | |
| Fluorescent Brightener | Emit fluorescent | Invisible ultraviolet light | Visible fluorescence with shorter wavelengths |
| Fluorescent Dyes | Emit fluorescent | Visible light | Visible fluorescence with longer wavelengths |
